Piv rau cov khoom noj tsiaj, cov xim ntawm txhua yam zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem muaj xim zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Xim ntsuab ci ntawm broccoli, xim ntshav ntawm eggplant, xim daj ntawm carrots, thiab xim liab ntawm kua txob - vim li cas cov zaub no thiaj txawv? Dab tsi txiav txim siab cov xim no?

Cov phytochromes yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob hom pigment molecules: cov pigments cytosolic uas yaj tau hauv dej thiab cov pigments chloroplast uas yaj tau hauv lipid. Piv txwv ntawm cov thawj zaug suav nrog anthocyanins, flavonoids uas muab xim rau paj; rau qhov kawg, carotenoids, luteins thiab chlorophylls yog cov khoom siv ntau. Cov pigments uas yaj tau hauv dej yog yaj tau hauv ethanol nrog rau dej ib txwm tab sis tsis yaj tau hauv lwm cov organic compounds xws li ether thiab chloroform. Cov pigments uas yaj tau hauv roj nyuaj dua rau yaj hauv methanol, tab sis yooj yim yaj tau hauv cov concentration ntau dua ntawm ethanol thiab lwm cov organic solvents. Thaum raug rau cov tshuaj lead acetate reagent, cov pigments uas yaj tau hauv dej yuav precipitate thiab tuaj yeem adsorbed los ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated; cov xim kuj tseem yuav hloov pauv nyob ntawm pH.

1. Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll pom dav hauv cov nplooj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab algae ntawm cov nroj tsuag siab dua, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag chloroplasts, uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw nrog cov protein hauv cov kab mob muaj sia.

Chlorophyll yog ib qho tshuaj tonic ntshav, txhawb nqa hematopoiesis, ua kom cov hlwb ua haujlwm, cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev o, thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias chlorophyll muaj cov nyhuv ntawm kev txwv tsis pub tsim cov hlwb ai.

Cov khoom noj uas muaj chlorophyll suav nrog: kale, alfalfa sprouts, lettuce, spinach, broccoli, lettuce, thiab lwm yam.

Chlorophyll yog xim ntsuab uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws, ib pawg xim uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua hom nroj tsuag. Tej zaum ib txhia yuav xav tias, ua li cas txog carrots? Ua li cas txog cov khoom xyaw no uas lawv cov tsos thiab xim tsis sib xws nrog ntsuab kiag li? Qhov tseeb, carrots kuj muaj chlorophyll, uas tsis qis, tab sis "ntsuab" yog npog los ntawm "daj thiab txiv kab ntxwv".

2. Carotenoid

Carotenoids yog ib lo lus dav dav rau ntau yam isomers ntawm carotenoids thiab lawv cov derivatives pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Nws yog ib pawg ntawm cov xim uas pom dav hauv xwm, thiab thawj zaug pom muaj nyob rau hauv carrots, yog li ntawd lub npe carotenoids.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kev noj ntau dua ntawm tib neeg cov carotenoids tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob prostate uas cuam tshuam nrog kev laus thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm retinal macular uas cuam tshuam nrog kev laus. Yog li ntawd, cov carotenoids ntuj tau raug pom zoo los ntawm Ministry of Health rau kev siv ua cov khoom noj khoom haus tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj. Cov carotenoids sib txawv muaj cov qauv molecular sib txawv, thiab thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, ntau dua 600 carotenoids tau raug tshawb pom.

Cov khoom noj uas muaj carotenoids: carrots, taub dag, txiv lws suav, citrus, pob kws, thiab lwm yam.

3. Flavonoid

Cov xim flavonoid, tseem hu ua anthocyanins, kuj yog cov xim uas yaj tau hauv dej. Los ntawm cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg, nws yog cov tshuaj phenolic uas yaj tau hauv dej. Nws muaj ntau yam hauv lub nceeg vaj cog qoob loo, suav nrog ntau yam khoom siv, thiab ntau txhiab hom tsiaj tau pom. Flavonoids tsis tshua pom muaj nyob rau hauv xwm raws li monomers. Ntau hom flavonoids muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag ntawm ntau tsev neeg, kev txiav txim, genus, thiab hom tsiaj; hauv ntau yam kabmob ntawm cov nroj tsuag xws li tawv ntoo, cag, thiab paj, muaj ntau hom flavonoids. Yuav luag 400 hom tau pom txog tam sim no, uas tsis muaj xim, daj daj lossis txiv kab ntxwv ci, thiab lawv cov xim raug cuam tshuam los ntawm pH.

Ua ib yam xim rau zaub mov ntuj, anthoxanthin muaj kev nyab xeeb, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv, thiab muaj qee yam kev noj haus thiab tshuaj. Nws muaj peev xwm siv tau zoo hauv zaub mov, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab tshuaj.

Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau qhia tias flavonoids muaj kev tiv thaiv oxidation, tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation kev ua ub no, tiv thaiv cov kab mob plawv, antibacterial, antiviral, thiab antiallergic teebmeem. Zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab nplej hauv lub nceeg vaj cog qoob loo muaj ntau yam flavonoid pigments.

Cov khoom noj uas muaj cov xim flavonoid: kua txob qab zib, celery, dos liab, tshuaj yej ntsuab, citrus, txiv hmab, buckwheat, thiab lwm yam.

4.Anthocyanin

Anthocyanins: Vim lawv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm "kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev laus", anthocyanins tau paub zoo heev thiab tau hais tias yog "kev ua kom yuam kev" los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab. Ntau tshaj 300 hom anthocyanins tau txheeb xyuas, suav nrog xiav, ntshav, liab thiab txiv kab ntxwv. Cov pigments no yaj tau hauv dej. Anthocyanins tuaj yeem qhia cov xim sib txawv thaum pH hloov pauv. Koj yuav tsum muaj kev paub zoo sib xws thaum ua zaub qhwv (liab) hauv dej.

Cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm anthocyanins tsis ruaj khov heev, thiab xim yuav hloov pauv zoo heev nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm pH, uas yog liab qis dua 7, ntshav ntawm 8.5, ntshav-xiav ntawm 11, thiab daj, txiv kab ntxwv lossis txawm tias xim av ntawm ntau dua 11. Cov pa oxygen, lub teeb lossis qhov kub siab dua tuaj yeem hloov cov khoom noj uas muaj cov ntsiab lus anthocyanin siab mus rau xim av. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv xim los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog hlau yuav tsum tau zam ntau li ntau tau thaum ua tiav lawv.

Proanthocyanidins muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov dawb radicals hauv lub cev, muaj cov tshuaj antioxidant muaj zog, thiab tuaj yeem tswj kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov khoom noj uas muaj anthocyanins: qos liab, mov dub, pob kws liab, kale liab, eggplant, perilla, carrots, beets, thiab lwm yam.

Nrog rau cov neeg tawm tswv yim txog cov khoom ntuj, kev nrhiav kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ua ntej, thiab Tuam Tshoj nkag mus rau hauv WTO raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, kev tsim cov xim ntuj noj tau sai dua, raws li kev suav txheeb, txij li xyoo 1971 txog 1981 thoob ntiaj teb tau tshaj tawm 126 daim ntawv pov thawj rau cov xim zaub mov, uas 87.5% yog cov xim ntuj noj tau.

Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm lub zej zog, kev siv cov xim ntuj tsim tau maj mam nrov hauv kev lag luam zaub mov thiab kev lag luam pleev xim, thiab cov txheej txheem siv tau maj mam zoo dua, ua rau cov xim ntuj tsim yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom lub neej zoo nkauj.

Peb lub hom phiaj ntawm peb lub tuam txhab yog "Ua kom lub ntiaj teb zoo siab thiab noj qab haus huv dua.

Yog xav paub ntxiv txog cov nroj tsuag extract, koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj peb thaum lub sijhawm ntawd !!

Cov ntaub ntawv siv: https://www.zhihu.com/