RutinCov mis tshuaj yog (C27H30O16•3H2O), ib qho vitamin, muaj cov nyhuv ntawm kev txo cov capillary permeability thiab brittleness, tswj thiab rov qab kho qhov elasticity ntawm cov capillaries. Rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob hypertensive cerebral haemorrhage; Diabetic retinal hemorrhagic purpura kuj tseem siv ua cov khoom noj antioxidants thiab pigments.

Nws muab faib ua plaub yam hauv qab no:

1. Rutin NF11: hmoov daj-ntsuab, los yog siv lead ua kua zoo heev; Tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis qab; Xim tsaus ntuj hauv huab cua; Kub txog 185-192 ℃, nws dhau los ua lub cev xim av gelatinous thiab decomposes ntawm kwv yees li 215 ℃. Me ntsis soluble hauv boiling ethanol, me ntsis soluble hauv dej npau, me ntsis soluble hauv dej txias, yooj yim soluble hauv isopropyl cawv thiab methanol, insoluble hauv trichloromethane, ether thiab benzene; Soluble hauv alkali hydroxide kua. Txoj kev txheeb xyuas yog A: hydrochloric acid reflux hydrolysis rau quercetin, uas nws lub ntsiab lus yaj yog 312 ℃ B: liab cuprous oxide nag lossis daus. C: Ntxiv sodium hydroxide kua yog txiv kab ntxwv daj D: ethanol kua thiab ferric chloride kua yog ntsuab xim av E: ethanol kua nrog hydrochloric acid thiab magnesium maj mam liab cov ntsiab lus: ≥95.0% (UV) (los ntawm cov khoom qhuav)

Kev poob phaus qhuav: 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Cov seem hlawv ≤0.5%

Chlorophyll ≤0.004%

Cov xim liab ≤0.004%

Cov khoom sib xws quercetin ≤5.0% (UV)

Tag nrho cov kab mob aerobic ≤103cfu / g

Tag nrho cov pwm thiab poov xab ≤102cfu / g

Escherichia coli yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kuaj pom / g

Cov xwm txheej khaws cia Khaws cia rau hauv lub thawv kaw kom deb ntawm lub teeb.

2. Rutoside Trihydrate EP 9.0: Hmoov daj los yog hmoov daj-ntsuab. Yuav luag tsis yaj hauv dej, yaj hauv methanol, yaj me ntsis hauv ethanol (96%), yuav luag tsis yaj hauv methylene chloride. Yaj hauv cov kua hydroxide. Txoj kev txheeb xyuas yog raws li nram no: A: Kev nqus siab tshaj plaws ntawm 257nm thiab 358nm, thiab cov coefficient nqus siab tshaj plaws ntawm 358nm yog 305 ~ 330. B: Tus qauv nqus infrared yuav tsum sib xws nrog cov khoom siv C: Cov xim thiab qhov loj tib yam yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw sib xws ntawm chromatogram ntawm cov khoom siv D: cov kua ethanol nrog hydrochloric acid thiab zinc yuav qhia liab

Cov ntsiab lus 95.0% ~ 101.0% (los ntawm cov khoom qhuav) (titration)

Cov dej noo 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Cov seem hlawv ≤0.1%

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub teeb nqus ntawm cov khoom tsis huv ntawm qhov muag ntawm 450nm txog 800nm ​​yuav tsum tsis pub ntau dua 0.10

Cov khoom tsis yaj hauv methanol ≤3.0%

Cov khoom cuam tshuam isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, tag nrho cov khoom tsis huv ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Tag nrho cov kab mob aerobic ≤104cfu / g

Tag nrho cov pwm thiab poov xab ≤102cfu / g

Cov kab mob gram-negative ntawm cov kua tsib ≤102cfu/g

Escherichia coli yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kuaj pom / g

Tej zaum yuav tsis pom muaj kab mob Salmonella /25g

Cov xwm txheej khaws cia kom deb ntawm lub teeb

3. Rutin USP43Txoj kev txheeb xyuas yog A: qhov nqus siab tshaj plaws ntawm 257nm thiab 358nm, thiab qhov nqus siab tshaj plaws ntawm 358nm yog 305 ~ 33. B: Cov spectra nqus infrared yuav tsum sib xws nrog cov chromatogram ntawm cov khoom siv. C: Lub sijhawm khaws cia ntawm cov chromatogram ncov yuav tsum sib xws nrog cov khoom siv.

Cov ntsiab lus 95.0% ~ 101.0% (los ntawm cov khoom qhuav) (titration)

Cov dej noo 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Cov seem hlawv ≤0.1%

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub teeb nqus ntawm cov khoom tsis huv ntawm qhov muag ntawm 450nm txog 800nm ​​yuav tsum tsis pub ntau dua 0.10

Cov khoom tsis yaj hauv methanol ≤3.0%

Cov tshuaj sib xws isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, lwm yam mono-miscellaneous ≤1.0%, tag nrho cov impurity ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Tag nrho cov kab mob aerobic ≤104cfu / g

Tag nrho cov pwm thiab poov xab ≤103cfu / g

Escherichia coli yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kuaj pom / 10g

Yuav tsum tsis txhob kuaj pom Salmonella / 10g

Khaws cia kom kaw thiab khaws cia kom deb ntawm lub teeb.

4. Ministry tus qauv WS1-49(B)-89 ntawm Rutinum: hmoov daj lossis daj-ntsuab, lossis siv lead ua kua zoo heev; Tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis qab; Xim tsaus ntuj hauv huab cua; Kub txog 185 ~ 192 ℃ kom dhau los ua xim av gel. Me ntsis soluble hauv ethanol npau, me ntsis soluble hauv dej npau, me ntsis soluble hauv dej txias, insoluble hauv trichloromethane thiab ether; Soluble hauv alkali hydroxide kua. Txoj kev txheeb xyuas yog: A: liab cuprous oxide precipitate. B: Tus qauv nqus infrared yuav tsum sib xws nrog cov tshuaj tswj. C: Kev nqus siab tshaj plaws pom ntawm qhov wavelengths ntawm 259 ± 1nm thiab 362.5 ± 1nm.

Cov ntsiab lus ≥93.0% (UV) (los ntawm cov khoom qhuav)

Kev poob phaus qhuav 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Cov seem hlawv ≤0.3%

Cov khoom tsis yaj hauv methanol ≤2.5% (cov khoom tsis yaj hauv ethanol)

Cov khoom sib xws quercetin ≤4.0% (Txheej nyias nyias)

Tag nrho cov kab mob aerobic ≤103cfu / g

Tag nrho cov pwm thiab poov xab ≤102cfu / g

Escherichia coli yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kuaj pom / g

Yuav tsum tsis txhob kuaj pom Salmonella / g

Khaws cia kom kaw thiab khaws cia kom deb ntawm lub teeb.

Cov nyhuv tshuaj:

Kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv cov dawb radical

Cov pa oxygen raug txo qis hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov electrons hauv cov metabolism ntawm lub cell, thiab cov O ions tsim los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm cov pa oxygen hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov electrons ib leeg yuav tsim H2O2 thiab cov tshuaj lom heev · OH dawb radicals hauv lub cev, yog li cuam tshuam rau daim tawv nqaij du thiab txawm tias ua kom daim tawv nqaij laus sai dua. Ntxiv mus, ntxiv rutin rau cov khoom tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov tshuaj reactive oxygen uas tsim los ntawm cov cell. Rutin yog ib qho flavonoid compound, uas yog ib qho antioxidant muaj zog rau kev tshem tawm cov free radicals. Nws tuaj yeem nres qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov free radicals, inhibit qhov peroxidation ntawm polyunsaturated fatty acids ntawm biofilms, tshem tawm cov lipid peroxidation khoom, tiv thaiv kev ncaj ncees ntawm biofilms thiab cov qauv subcellular, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. [2]

Kev tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation

Lipid peroxidation yog hais txog ntau yam txheej txheem oxidation uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj reactive oxygen tawm tsam polyunsaturated fatty acids hauv biofilms. Zhu Jianlin et al. tau txiav txim siab thiab tshuaj xyuas SOD kev ua haujlwm hauv nas, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom lag luam dawb-radical lipid peroxidation MDA, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm Lipofuscin hauv lub siab loj, thiab pom tias rutin muaj cov nyhuv inhibitory rau lipid peroxidation hauv nas castrated, thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov poob qis ntawm lub peev xwm antioxidant ntawm lub cev antioxidant hauv nas tom qab castrated. Rutin tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov poob qis ntawm lub peev xwm antioxidant uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov poob qis ntawm endogenous estrogen thiab muaj cov nyhuv antioxidant. High density lipoprotein (HDL) muaj cov nyhuv anti-atherosclerotic. Txawm li cas los xij, HDL, zoo li low density lipoprotein (LDL) thiab very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), kuj tuaj yeem oxidized thiab hloov kho hauv vitro. Thaum HDL raug oxidized thiab hloov kho rau hauv Ox-HDL, nws muaj cov nyhuv ntawm atherosclerosis. Meng Fang et al. tau tshawb xyuas cov nyhuv ntawm rutin rau HDL oxidative hloov kho los ntawm Cu2+ mediated oxidative hloov kho hauv vitro. Xaus Lus Rutin tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov oxidative hloov kho ntawm HDL. [2]

Cov nyhuv tiv thaiv ntawm platelet activating factor

Qhov ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb, xws li thrombosis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory reaction thiab ischemia-reperfusion free radical injury, muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev sib tham ntawm plateletactivatingfactor (PAF). Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv cov nyhuv ntawm PAF yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los txo cov kab mob plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb. Cov kev sim tau qhia tias rutin tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov kev khi tshwj xeeb ntawm PAF rau luav platelet membrane receptors concentration-dependent, inhibit PAf-mediated platelet adhesion hauv luav thiab nce ntawm free Ca2+ concentration hauv PMNs, qhia tias lub mechanism ntawm rutin's anti-PAF kev ua yog inhibit qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm PAF receptor, thiab tom qab ntawd thaiv qhov kev cuam tshuam los ntawm PAF, yog li ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tiv thaiv plawv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias rutin yog PAF receptor antagonist. [2]

Kev kho mob pancreatitis

Rutin tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hypocalcemia thiab txo Ca2+ concentration hauv cov nqaij pancreatic. Nws tau pom tias rutin tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm phospholipase A2 (PLA2) hauv cov nqaij pancreatic ntawm cov nas, qhia tias rutin yuav inhibit qhov kev tso tawm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm PLA2 hauv cov nqaij pancreatic. Rutin tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm hypocalcemia hauv AP nas, tej zaum los ntawm kev tiv thaiv Ca2+ influx thiab txo Ca2+ overload hauv cov hlwb nqaij pancreatic, yog li txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau AP. [2]

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https://xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/paper

Yog xav tau rutin, thov hu rau peb. Peb tos koj ntawm no txhua lub sijhawm.